| 1. | Vinylic and aryl halides are also unreactive because backside approach is sterically prevented.
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| 2. | Aryl halides or triflates can be coupled with diboronyl reagents using transition metal catalysts.
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| 3. | The classical Ullmann reaction is limited to electron deficient aryl halides and requires harsh reaction conditions.
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| 4. | This method was generalized to a route producing biaryls by coupling phenylboronic acid with aryl halides.
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| 5. | The substrates can be aryl halides.
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| 6. | CuSCN precipitated on carbon support can be used for conversion of aryl halides to aryl thiocyanates.
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| 7. | Aryl halides react with metals to give more reactive derivatives that behave as sources of aryl anions.
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| 8. | Magnesium aryl halides are Grignard reagents, which are useful in organic synthesis of other aryl compounds.
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| 9. | Pd ( PPh 3 ) 4 ) to couple aryl halides with boronic acids to generate biaryls.
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| 10. | A simplified scheme showing the reaction course of isopropylzinc bromide with an aryl halide is shown below.
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